Brooder stove



G. T. MARKEY BROODER STOV I Nov. 4, 1930.

Filed Feb. ,2, 925 Sheets-Shet l A TTORNES,

Nov. 4, 1930. G. T. MARKEY 1,780,430

BROODER' STOVE Filed Feb. 2, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 dun m WW4 ATTORNEYS,

- 109.8. 4% IN ENTOR. 75?

Patented Nov.4, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE GEORGE THOMAS IVIARKEY,OF FORT ATKINSON, VVISOONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO JAMES MANUFACTURING COJMPANY,OF FORT ATKINSON, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF WISCONSIN BROODER STOVEApplication filed February 2, 1925.

associated hover in such a manner as to afford an'immediate control. ofthe temperature underneath the hover whenever the rate of combustion ischecked. In the use of an ordinary StO"G the operation of the checkdamper or the closing of a draft damper does not result in an immediatereduction in the temperature underneaththe hover. On the contrary itfrequently happens thatthe heat radiating from the stove will remainconstant or even increase after the dampers have been adjusted to checkthe fire and it is only after 2 the rate of combustion has beenmaterially reduced over a considerable period of time that the heat ofthe apartment surrounding the stove is sensibly reduced. It istherefore, an object of this invention to control the heat underneaththe hover by employing a regulating means which will not only controlthe rate of combustion but which will also control the flow of theventilating current of air through the space underneath the hoverfol-the combined purpose of Ventilation and heat control.

It is a further object of this invention to provide simple and effectivemeans for combining a smoke flue damper, a ventilating damper, and acheck damper in one thermostatically operated mechanism adapted forco-operative action in regulating the rate of combustion within thestove, the heat within the compartment immediately surrounding thestove, and the ventilation of said apartmenn while regulating airdelivery from its upper and lower portions.

A further object of this invention is to provide means whereby the heatof the base or ash ,pit enclosing portion of the brooder stove may betempered and the tempering means utilized to promote economicalcombustionf to provide improved thermostatic mechanism for regulatingthe heat and ventilation to rovlde an improved hover adapted tofac1'l1'- Serial No. 6,337,

tats access to the stove and to the space with in the hover from allsides and in general to provide an improved brooder stove suited to therequirements demonstrated by modern scientific methods tobe essential tothebest results in the rearing of young fowl.

In the drawings:.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improved brooder stove with thehover door open.

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the stove with the hover and the outerwall of the ventilating passage removed to show the thermostaticmechanism and associated damper connection.

Figure 3 is an isometric view part1 in vertical section exposing thedamper an its controliing mechanism, the hover being removed and thesmoke damper being shown in open position.

Figure 4t is a similar View showing the dampers in an intermediateposition of control.

Figure 5 is a similar view showing the dampers substantially in extremechecking positio- Figure 6 is a fragmentary detail. view showing thethermostat and associated parts. ures '7 and 8 are detailed sectionalviews of ie upper dampers drawn respectively on lines 7? and 8-8 ofFigure 5.

Figure 9 is a fragmentary sectional view of the upper portion of thehover.

Like parts identified by the same reference characters throughout theseveral views.

The body 1 of the stove within which the fire pot is located is providedwith exterior heat radiating ribs 2 and is preferably formed in sectionshaving flanges 3 which are adapted to he bolted together by clamp:

ing bolts 4. The base 5 of the stove is preferably made somewhat higherthan that of the ordinary stove and is adapted to support a raised ashpan 6 underneath which a water pan 7 may be placed. Both of the pans 6and 7 fit loosely within the base leaving ample space for thecirculation of air and vapor around the pan 6. By keeping water in thepan '4" the temperature of the base may be kept from rising to a pointwhere chicks coming in contact with it would be burned or overheated.The top of the stove is preferably conically tapered and terminates in atubular member 11 adapted to receive the smoke pipe 12. A damper 13within the conically tapered top or cap 10 is pivotally connected by atransverse pin 15 with the upper margin of a curved wall 16 that extendsinwardly and upwardly from the lower side of a ventilating aperture 17and supports the pivot pin 15 approximately at the junction of the stovebarrel or body with the cap portion 10. The curved wall 16 forms aportion of a ventilating flue extending into the upper portion of. thebody of the stove and of which a portion of the cap 10 consti tutes theupper wall. This flue constitutes part of a ventilating passageextending in a substantially vertical direction along one side of thestove and communicating with the flue proper through the aperature 17 inthe stove wall. A ventilating damper 20 is hun upon the same pivot pin15 and controls the flow of air through this flue to the outlet 11 andsmoke pipe 12. The dampers 13 and 20 are preferably connected with eachother and adapted to operate as one damper but inversely,the damper 13moving to close the smoke outlet whenever the damper 20 moves to open aventilating flue.

The damper 20 is provided with an arm 22 which extends through theopening: 17 and is connected by a link 23' with one arm 24: of a bellcrank lever which is pivoted at 25 and has another arm 26 connected withthe thermostatically operated rod 27. A thermostat 28 of the so-calledwafer or multiple diaphragm type is employed to actuate the rod 27. Thethermostat is secured to one side wall 29 of a ventilating passage whichextends upwardly from a point near the base of the stove and enclosesthe thermostat and its damper operating connections above described. Theother side wall 30 of this passage is provided with an adjustable hanger31 to which the bell crank is pivoted at 25 near the lower end of thehanger. The lower end of the hanger may be moved inwardly outwardly bymeans of an adjustii'ig; screw 32 whereby the fulcrum pin 25 of the bellcrank may be properly positioned for ope 'ation of the damper 20 by thethermo, ...:.t. Point bearing; connectiousare provided between the linkand the bell crank arm 25ii and between said link and the arm 22 of thedamper 20 whereby friction is substantiall eliminated notwithstandingthe possible accumulation of dust or the products of corrosion. A clip33 on the rod may be utilized to operatea draft damper 34 controllingadmission of air to the ash pit of the stove. Similar stove draftcontrols are common and detailed illustration and description is,therefore, deemed unnecessary.

N ear the upper end of the ventilating pas sage and approximatelyopposite the opening 17, the outer wall 36 of the passage is providedwith a damper 37. This damper 37 has inwardly projecting ears or sidewebs 38 pivoted upon a cross pin 39 within the passage. Between theseside webs 38 the damper 37 is provided with an upwardly and inwardlyextending arm 42 preferably composed of a strip of fiat sheet metal. Theinner end portion of this arm 42 extends across a vertical line throughthe pivot pin 39 into the path of the outer end of the arm 22 carried bythe damper 20, whereby extreme downward movements of the damper 20 andits arm 22 will be transmitted through the arm 4:2 to the damper 37 toallow air to pass directly across the upper end of the ventilatingpassage through the opening 17 and the ventilating flue above describedto the outlet 11.

The operation of the damper mechanism above described is follows; l/Viththe thermostat properly adjusted the various dampers will be in theposition in which they are illustrated in Figure 3. lVhen the fire isignited and as the heat of the atmosphere immediately surrounding thestove increases, the thermostat expands and actuates the bell crank topull downwardly on the link 23 and damper arm 22, thereby progressivelyopeningdamper 20 and progressively swinging damper 13 toward a positiontending to reduce the draft through the fire to the outlet 11 In theirintermediate tilted position the dampers 20 and 13 will eventually bebrought to the position in which they are shown in Figure 4 in whichposition the flow through the outlet 11 is divided, the gases andproducts of combustion passing around the end and side-s of the damper13, and air passing over the dampers 20 and 13 to the outlet 11 from thevertically extending passage in which the thermostat and its connectionsare housed. Assuming that the temperature continues to rise until thethermostat draws the damper arm 22 down upon the arm 42 of the checkdamper 37, the latter will then open and allow air to pass directlyacross the upper end of said passage, thereby preventing any furtherincrease in the rate of flow upwardly through the passage from its lowerend. .ln fact the inward movement of the damper 37 toward its openposition will have a tendency to reduce the rate of flow through thelower end of the passage at least sufficiently to offset the tendency toacceleration due to increased heat.

he canopy 45 preferably has the form of. a truncated pyramid, the top ofwhich has an aperture provided with a marginal ring of sulficient sizeto receive the smoke pipe 12. The ring rests upon the upper portion ofthe conically tapered cap 10 hereby free rotation ofthe canopy ispermitted. One of the canopy sections 48 constitutes a lid hinged to oneof the adjacent sections as indicated at 49, whereby the section 48 maybe swung backwardly to afiord access to the stove. The stove cap 10 isprovided with a door 50 which is preferaily a sliding door asillustrated. By opening the canopy lid 48 and the door 50 fuel may befed into the stove, the damper 13 being so formed as toavoid-obstructing the delivery of fuel into the fire pot. By loeatingthe thermostat in the lower portion of the ventilating passage and byarranging the arm 24 of the bell crank in an oblique position with therod 27 in substantially the same vertical plane in which the bell cranklies, chickens are prevented from entering the passage and roosting uponsaid rod 27. The passage may also be suficiently narrow to prevent thechickens from getting past the rod 2? and lever 24 into the space abovethe thermostat.

It will be understood that check damper 8'? Will tend to close bygravity. Dampers 13 and 20 may be substantially balanced, but preferablythe damper 13 will slightly overbalance damper 20 and tend to open bygravity.

I claim:

1. A brooder stove having a canopy and provided in its upper portionwith an outlet for the products of combustion extending through thecanopy, a ventilating passage leading to said outlet upwardly along oneside of the stove from the lower portion of the space underneaththecanopy, a damper member controlling the flow of products ofcombustion to said outlet, a co-operating damper member inverselycontrolling the flow of air through said passage to the same outlet, andtemperature controlled actuating connections for said damper membersextending therefrom downwardly through the ventilating passage to thelower end portion thereof.

2. In a brooder stove, provided with a can opy and having an outlet inits upper port-ion,

a ventilating passage leading to said outlet from the'lower portion ofthe space below the canopy in close proximityto said stove, anintermediately pivoted damper having one damper member controlling theflow of prod net of combustion to said outlet, and a cooperating dampermember controlling the flow of air through said passage to the sameoutlet and adapted to progressively open while the first mentioneddamper member is closing, a damper operatingarm extending into the pas-V sage over the lower portion thereof, a rod connected thereto andextending downwardly tothe lowerportion of the passage, and rodactuating devices in the lower portion of the passage.

3. A brooder stove provided with a canopy suspended from its upperportion and provided with an outlet leading through the top of thecanopy and an adjacent air inlet underneath the top of the canopy, apair ofconnected damper members cooperating with the upper portion ofthe wall of the stove to form a flue leading from the inlet to theoutlet, and an intermediate pivotal support for said damper. members,one of said members being arranged to control the flow of prodnets ofcombustion to the outlet and the other to inversely control the flow ofair through the inlet, and means operable from the lower portion of saidpassage for controlling the position of the dampers with reference tothe temperature at the bottom of the passage.

4. A brooder stove having two apertures in the upper portions of itswalls and a hover canopy suspended from the portion of the stove betweensaid apertures, a pair of corn nected damper members within the stove,one controlling the flow of products of combustion through theexposedaperture and the other controlling the flow of air through the enclosedaperture, said damper members being adapted to co-operate with the wallsof the the stove to form a flue leading from one aperture to the other,a ventilating passage leading upwardly along one side of the stove tosaid enclosed aperture, and having a valve controlled inlet in its upperportion and also having an open lower end portion.

5. The combination with a brooderstove, having an encircling hovercanopy, of a ventilating passage independent of the stove draft passageshaving a permanently open inlet adapted to permit the escape of air fromthe lower portion of the canopy enclosed space, and also having an upperinlet provided'with a damper adapted, when open, to permit the escape ofair from the upper portion of said space, and a thermostatic device incontrolling relation to said damper.

6. A brooder stove having in combination a tapered top portion providedwith an outlet at its apex and an inlet adjacent to the base of thetapered portion, a canopy encircling the top portion of the stovebetweenthe inlet and the outlet, a ventilating flue havingwalls leadingupwardly along one side of the stove to said inlet and provided with anaperture in the upper end portion of one of said walls, a damper havingone portion controlling the flow of products of combustion through theoutlet and another portion inversely controlling the flow of air throughthe inlet, a damper normally closing the upper aperture in said flue,and connections for opening said d amper during the final openingmovement of the inlet damper member.

7. A brooder stove provided with a suspended canopy and having aventilating passage extending upwardly along one side and provided withupper and lower inlets underneath the canopy, a damper in said passageadjacent its outletend, another damper con trolling the flow of air intothe passage through the upper inlet, connections for ac tuating thefirst mentioned damper and means for trasmitting motion to open the lastmentioned damper during opening movement 01 the first mentioned damper,said inlets being adapted for simultaneous delivery 01" air from boththe bottom and top portion of the canopy covered space when the air inthe passage is being heated by said stove.

8. A brooder stove having a canopy suspended from its upper portion andprovided with an outlet flue extending through said canopy, aventilating passage extending upwardly along one side of the stoveleading to said outlet flue, said passage having upper and lower inletapertures underneath said canopy, a damper controlling the flow of airthrough the lower inlet of said passage, an auxiliary damper controllingthe flow of air through the upper inlet and thermostatic means forinitially actuating the first mentioned damper, and then transmittingmotion to actuate the damper at the upper inlet during a portion of theopenin movement of the first mentioned damper, said upper inlet damperbeing adapted to automatically close when thermostatically released.

9. The combination with a brooder stove, provided with a ventilatingflue, of a damper controlling the flow of air through the flue, athermostatic device in the flue, provided with damper operatingconnections having portions disposed transversely of the passage at thelower inlet of said flue and co-operating obliquely disposed portionsadapted to prevent fowls from entering the flue and roosting upon said.operating connections.

10. The combination with a brooder stove, of a canopy supported from thestove, a Ventilating flue at one side of the stove provided with upperand lower openings underneath the canopy, and means for automaticallyregulating the flow of air through said openings in a manner to allow apredetermined progressive increase in the volume of air entering throughthe lower opening before the air is admitted through the upper opening.

11. Ventilating means for hover canopies, comprising temperaturecontrolled non-heat generating means for allowing an escape of air fromthe lower portion of the space enclosed by the canopy, and auxiliarytemperature controlled means for allowing an escape of air from theupper portion of said space without passing through the lower portion,whenever the temperature in said canopy enclosed space eXceeds apredetermined degree in excess of that required to permit air to escapefrom the lower portion of said space.

12. The combination with a brooder heater and a hover canopy forenclosing a hoverii space about said heater, of an upwardlyextendingVentilating passage exterior to the heat generating portion of theheater and within the hover said passage having walls providedwith upperand lower inlets and also having an outlet extending to space enteriorto the hover, a damper valve for the upper inlet, and a thermostat incontrolling relation to said heater and damper valve, whereby saidventilating passage and thermostat may be utilized to partially controlthe temperature of the air within the hover space.

13. The combination with a brooder stove having an encircling canopy, ofa temperature controlled means for admitting air to the upper portion ofthe stove independently of the air and gases passing through thecombustion chamber and from the bottom portion of the space covered bythe canopy within one temperature range and admitting additional air tothe stove from the upper portion of said space within a highertemperature range, while maintaining the flow from the lower portion.

1 1. The combination wi h a brooder stove, of a ventilating passageextending along one side of the stove with its bottom open and inproximity to the floor and its upper end leading to the interior of thestove for delivery of air through the smoke outlet, circulation of airthrough the passage being promoted by heat from the stove and saidpassage being also provided with a valved air inlet near its upper end,an upwardly tapering conical canopy supported from the stove above saidventilating passage and enclosing the space within which said passage islocated, and temperature controlled means for regulating the heat of thestove, the delivery of air from the passage to the stove and theadmission of air through said upper inlet, whereby, when both inlets areopen, simultaneous entry of air to the passage through both inlets maybe promoted by absorption of heat from the stove by the column of air inthe passage between said inlets.

15. The combination with a brooder stove having an encircling hovercanopy, of temperature controlled means for normally ventilating thecanopy covered space from a point near the bottom of such space andindependently of the stove draft passages within one temperature range,and means operated by said temperature controlled means for permittingescape of air from the upper portion of said space within a highertemperature range While maintaining the flow from the lower portion.

16. A brooder stove provided with a canopy, and a ventilator fluelaterally offset from the stoveand provided with upper and lower inletsfor the space enclosed by the canopy, incombination with temperaturecontrolled means for regulating the rate of combustion, and additionallycontrolling the heat within the canopy by varying the flow of airthrough the ventilator from both the lower and upper portions of thespace underneath the canopy.

17. A brooder stove provided with a canopy and a ventilator flueextending upwardly at the side of the stove and provided with upper andlower inlets for the space enclosed by the canopy, in combination withmeans for automatically controlling the rate of combustion, saidautomatic means being adapted to additionally control the heat withinthe canopy by varying the flow of air through the ventilator from thelower inlet thereof within one temperature range and regulating the flowof air through the upper inlet of the ventilator flue within a highertemperature range when the rate of flow along the floor to the firstmentioned inlet would otherwise become excessive.

18. The combination with a stove adapted to consume solid fuel, of ahover extending outwardly and downwardly from the upper part of saidstove and forming an annular brooder chamber around the stove a flueextending upwardly from the top of said stove, a wall arranged in theupper part of said stove to separate the same into a hopper for fuel atone side and a flue extension at the other side extending into saidcombustion chamber said stove having a check draft opening extendingthrough the side thereof into said flue extension and a door operativewithin said flue extension for con- 7 trolling the passage of airthrough said opening, said door having a portion projecting through saidflue extension in a position to partially control the flow of combustionchamber.

19. A brooder stove provided with a conical top, having a fuel supplydoor and a hover canopy rotatively mounted upon said conical top andabove said door and provided with a door in one side affording access toall parts of the hover space by rotation of the canopy,the upper portionof the canopy being disposed to rotate in proximity to the fuel supplydoor for convenient feeding of fuel therethrough.

:20. The combination with a stove having a conically tapered top, ahover supported by said top near the upper end thereof, a flue extendingupwardly from the upper end of said top above the hover, said stove,immediately underneath the top, being provided with a check draftopening and a wall extending inwardly and upwardly from the margins ofsaid openings to form an air passage within the top of the stove saidstove having a damper pivoted to said wall and adapted to swing upwardlyacross the draft opening into draft checking relation to the stove top.

GEORGE THOMAS MARKEY.

gases from the i

